Image by Let Ideas Compete, via Flickr Commons
Sometimes I’ll meet someone who mentions having written a book, and who then adds, “… well, an academic book, anyway,” as if that didn’t really count. True, academic books don’t tend to debut at the heights of the bestseller lists amid all the eating, praying, and loving, but sometimes lightning strikes; sometimes the subject of the author’s research happens to align with what the public believes they need to know. Other times, academic books succeed at a slower burn, and it takes readers generations to come around to the insights contained in them — a less favorable royalty situation for the long-dead writer, but at least they can take some satisfaction in the possibility.
History has shown, in any case, that academic books can become influential. “After a list of the top 20 academic books was pulled together by expert academic booksellers, librarians and publishers to mark the inaugural Academic Book Week,” writes The Guardian’s Alison Flood, “the public was asked to vote on what they believed to be the most influential.” The shortlist of these most important academic books of all time runs as follows (and you can read many of them free by following the links from our meta list of Free eBooks):
- A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking
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A Vindication of the Rights of Woman by Mary Wollstonecraft
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Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell
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On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin
- Orientalism by Edward Said
- Silent Spring by Rachel Carson
- The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
- The Complete Works of William Shakespeare
- The Female Eunuch by Germaine Greer
- The Making of the English Working Class by EP Thompson
- The Meaning of Relativity by Albert Einstein
- The Naked Ape by Desmond Morris
- The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli
- The Republic by Plato
- The Rights of Man by Thomas Paine
- The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir
- The Uses of Literacy by Richard Hoggart
- The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith
- Ways of Seeing by John Berger
The top spot went to Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, which Flood quotes the University of Glasgow’s Andrew Prescott as calling “the supreme demonstration of why academic books matter,” one that “changed the way we think about everything – not only the natural world, but religion, history and society. Every researcher, no matter whether they are writing books, creating digital products or producing artworks, aspires to produce something as significant in the history of thought as Origin of Species.”
Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason placed a still impressive fifth, given its status, in the words of philosopher Roger Scruton, as “one of the most difficult works of philosophy ever written,” — but one which aims to “show the limits of human reasoning, and at the same time to justify the use of our intellectual powers within those limits. The resulting vision, of self-conscious beings enfolded within a one-sided boundary, but always pressing against it, hungry for the inaccessible beyond, has haunted me, as it has haunted many others since Kant first expressed it.”
So you want to write an academic book this influential? You may have a tough time doing it deliberately, but it couldn’t hurt to steep yourself in the materials we’ve previously featured related to the creation of this top twenty, including 16,000 pages of Darwin’s writing on evolution (as well as the man’s personal library), Orwell’s letter revealing why he would write 1984, as well as Marx and Kant’s rigorous work habits — and Kant’s even more rigorous coffee habit, though if there exists any 21st-century academic in need of encouragement to drink more coffee, I have yet to meet them.
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Based in Seoul, Colin Marshall writes and broadcasts on cities and culture. He’s at work on a book about Los Angeles, A Los Angeles Primer, the video series The City in Cinema, the crowdfunded journalism project Where Is the City of the Future?, and the Los Angeles Review of Books’ Korea Blog. Follow him on Twitter at @colinmarshall or on Facebook.
Just curious… What do you define to be an academic book?
Một vài cuốn sách tôi muốn đọc lại. Một số cần tìm hiểu. Một số nghe lần đầu qua giới thiệu của các bạn. Thank you Openculture!
Where are all the non-European writers ? Or does only the Western Hemisphere have brains and the rest of the world not ?
In terms of favorite academic books, I like “Fin de Siecle Vienna”.
Colin, you advance an interesting thesis when you grant academia powers to collate, categorize and support superior literary works, as if academia were interested in going out on a limb like that! Which it is not. I remember once in grad school a professor said “I like my writers dead.” How convenient for him: no chance-taking, no ziggy-zagging away from the main column: just wait for time itself to say “So-and-so was good.” Then professors parrot that language. Safely. Academics are not chance-takers — they are plodders. To ascribe such mental activity to them as you did is to give them too much credit. An influential academic book? No such thing.
No, that is not a list of academic books. The “Brief story of time” is a science disclosure or scientific journalism book. 1984, nothing to say, it is not an academic book. The Comunist Manifesto is not a book, and is not close to being an academic work. Shakespeare, nope. Machiavelli, nope.
I think there might be a confusion here. A book that is academic is not a book that academics study a lot…
Given Aristotle’s influence on the church and on subsequent history, you’d think his works would be included. Although his work comprises many “books,” if it works for Shakespeare…
What a strange attempt at something, whatever this is.
It’s apalling that an articke like this can be shamelessly written focused entirely on Western scientists from a handful of countries west of the Danube. And without even qualifying that this list “Western academics”, it is simply assmed that Western is universal.
Whoever wrote this–you ought to be ashamed of yourself for the sheer ignorance you chose to envelope yourself in. Enough with the racist ontology of the Enlightenment that privileges skin color as a mark of moral upper hand, the obligation to “civilize”, and even intelligence! One cannot be considered a normal human being with such lopsided premises!