Back in 1971, Philip ZimÂbarÂdo, a StanÂford psyÂcholÂoÂgy proÂfesÂsor, set up an experÂiÂment that quickÂly and now famousÂly went awry. Here, ZimÂbarÂdo had underÂgradÂuÂates play the role of prisÂonÂers and prison guards in a mock prison enviÂronÂment. Meant to last two weeks, the experÂiÂment was cut short after only six days when, as The StanÂford Prison ExperÂiÂment web site puts it, the guards “became sadisÂtic and [the] prisÂonÂers became depressed and showed signs of extreme stress.” For ZimÂbarÂdo, the way things played out says a lot about what hapÂpens when good, averÂage peoÂple are put in bad sitÂuÂaÂtions. And it speaks to how torÂture sceÂnarÂios, like those at Abu Ghraib, become posÂsiÂble. (For more on the parÂalÂlels between the prison experÂiÂment and the torÂture in Iraq, you may want to check out ZimÂbarÂdo’s recent video-capÂtured talk at GoogleÂplex.
Below, we’ve postÂed a video that offers a quick verÂsion, with origÂiÂnal footage, of how the prison experÂiÂment went down. If you’re interÂestÂed in underÂstandÂing what he calls the “Lucifer Effect,” the title of his new book (which, by the way, was just reviewed by Martha NussÂbaum in the Times Online), then it’s worth your time.
In mid-OctoÂber, RadioÂhead released its latÂest album, In RainÂbows, and began a fairÂly novÂel experÂiÂment. They cut the record labels out of the equaÂtion and let fans downÂload the album directÂly from the RadioÂhead web site, for whatÂevÂer price they saw fit. A few weeks latÂer, some finanÂcial figÂures are comÂing out, givÂing us a sense of how well the experÂiÂment went.
AccordÂing to a study by comÂScore Inc., 62% of the estiÂmatÂed 1.2 milÂlion visÂiÂtors (in OctoÂber) to the RadioÂhead site downÂloaded the album and paid nothÂing whatÂsoÂevÂer. The remainÂing 38% paid an averÂage of $6. OverÂall, the band averÂaged $2.26 per downÂload and netÂted about $2.7 milÂlion dolÂlars in total, a numÂber that’s well below the earÂliÂer estiÂmates of $6-$10 milÂlion. In the end, it’s imporÂtant to rememÂber that the band gets to keep all the revÂenue (instead of sharÂing it with the record comÂpaÂnies), and apparÂentÂly the trafÂfic to RadioÂheadÂ’s web site genÂerÂatÂed handÂsome increÂmenÂtal sales of high-priced disÂcboxÂes. It’s estiÂmatÂed that for every $1 spent on digÂiÂtal downÂloads, anothÂer $2 was spent on hard copies, which makes RadioÂheadÂ’s overÂall take even highÂer. What conÂcluÂsions to draw? One is that RadioÂhead fans didÂn’t exactÂly delivÂer the goods and demonÂstrate the powÂer of this new direct disÂtriÂbÂuÂtion modÂel. It may have worked modÂerÂateÂly well for RadioÂhead. But will a lessÂer band take the risk? Not so likeÂly. At least not now.
A quick PS: It looks like RadioÂhead is planÂning to do its first webÂcast in five years. Watch for more inforÂmaÂtion here.
Please God give me the luck to enter the upper echelons of the American elite — the upper, upper crust where normal rules don’t apply, where illogic reigns, where failure doesn’t have consequences, only out-sized rewards. Please give me the luck to fail splendidly one day (even to bring a major company or a nation itself to near ruin) and yet get nothing less than the platinum parachute that a lucky few deserve:
Stan O’Neal, CEO of MerÂill Lynch, recentÂly led the bank to take a $7.9 bilÂlion write-down because of bad deals in the sub-prime marÂket, resultÂing in a $2.3 bilÂlion loss, the worst loss in 93 years for MerÂrill. As he began to feel the heat, O’Neal secretÂly startÂed lookÂing to sell the bank to Wachovia, a deal that could have perÂsonÂalÂly netÂted him an estiÂmatÂed $250 milÂlion. Instead, the board of direcÂtors oustÂed him last week and he got to walk with $161.5 milÂlion in secuÂriÂties and retireÂment benÂeÂfits, the fifth-largest exit-pay packÂage for a U.S. execÂuÂtive. It’s good to be the king.
As the subÂprime mortÂgage marÂket meltÂed down this sumÂmer, James Cayne, the chief execÂuÂtive of Bear Stearns, was nowhere to be found. In this midst of the criÂsis, two of the bank’s hedge funds colÂlapsed. But, accordÂing to The Wall Street JourÂnal, Cayne was out of town for ten days and incomÂmuÂniÂcaÂdo. No cellÂphone. No BlackÂberÂry. NothÂing. Where was he? PlayÂing in a bridge tourÂnaÂment in Nashville (and it’s alleged by the JourÂnal that he has a penÂchant for smokÂing pot at such tourÂnaÂments). ForÂtuÂnateÂly, his team placed in the top third of the comÂpeÂtiÂtion, and he gets to keep his highÂly lucraÂtive job. In the meanÂtime, Cayne let WarÂren SpecÂtor, the comÂpaÂny’s PresÂiÂdent, take the fall. And Bear just announced that it’s layÂing off 2% of its workÂforce. It’s good to be the king.
Don RumsÂfeld, the forÂmer SecÂreÂtary of Defense, used the Iraq War as a provÂing ground for his theÂoÂries about how the US army should fight the modÂern war and defend itself against the unknown and the unexÂpectÂed. RumsÂfeld’s mantra was to keep the armies small, mobile and high-tech. And that’s what we did for four years in Iraq, despite mountÂing eviÂdence that we had too few troops on the ground. RumsÂfeld, who could nevÂer adjust his theÂoÂries to the realÂiÂties in Iraq (see this piece in the Armed Forces JourÂnal), evenÂtuÂalÂly got forced out, leavÂing behind a mess that will conÂsume the US for a decade or more. What’s the fallÂout? Months latÂer, RumsÂfeld gets StanÂford’s seal of approval. In SepÂtemÂber, StanÂford’s Hoover InstiÂtuÂtion announced that he will join as a “disÂtinÂguished visÂitÂing felÂlow” where he will parÂticÂiÂpate on a task force of scholÂars and experts focusÂing on “issues perÂtainÂing to ideÂolÂoÂgy and terÂror” in a post 9–11 enviÂronÂment. It’s preÂciseÂly the same flawed vision that landÂed the US in a deep hole that the StanÂford-affilÂiÂatÂed think tank is choosÂing to honÂor. Once again, it’s good to be the king.
Today, we have a guest feaÂture from Don from ClasÂsic PoetÂry Aloud (iTunes — Feed — Web Site), which offers a great lineÂup of poetÂry podÂcasts. They have just kicked off a week dedÂiÂcatÂed to war poetÂry, which includes pieces by ShakeÂspeare, Coleridge and Melville, among othÂers. Below, Don offers a very helpÂful surÂvey of the poetÂry podÂcast landÂscape and helps us see why podÂcastÂing might be the perÂfect mediÂum for sparkÂing a renaisÂsance in poetÂry. Take it away Don…
Short, intense and often emoÂtionÂal pieces of writÂing penned for the human ear: poems could have been inventÂed for podÂcasts. It’s no surÂprise, then, that poetÂry readÂing podÂcasts have sprung up like daisies this year.
Most are the aurÂal equivÂaÂlent of blogs, telling the intiÂmate stoÂries of the poet, and often about as interÂestÂing. Some, though, are dedÂiÂcatÂed to readÂing othÂers’ poetÂry, and they are worth visÂitÂing for a regÂuÂlar, short piece of writÂing that will almost always stimÂuÂlate thought and feelÂing – and if it doesn’t, well, you’ve probÂaÂbly only wastÂed the few minÂutes it takes to read a poem.
ClasÂsic PoetÂry Aloud (TunesFeedWeb Site)), my own podÂcast, is dedÂiÂcatÂed to anyÂthing in the EngÂlish lanÂguage which is over 70 years old. ExperÂiÂmenÂtalÂly, this week (Nov 4 – 11) is War PoetÂry Week, feaÂturÂing poems from Samuel Coleridge and HerÂman Melville as well as WilÂfred Owen and ShakeÂspeare. It’s an attempt to take lisÂtenÂers on a week-long jourÂney from the first rumours of war (on MonÂday 5th) through to rememÂberÂing the dead (on SunÂday 11th, RememÂbrance day in the UK).
Most poetÂry podÂcasts don’t deal excluÂsiveÂly with the past, howÂevÂer. On the excelÂlent PoetÂry Off the Shelf (iTunes — Feed — Web Site), from the PoetÂry FounÂdaÂtion, you’ll find the smooth-toned CurÂtis Fox interÂviewÂing conÂtemÂpoÂrary poets about their works, and havÂing them read and interÂpret a poem or two. It’s wonÂderÂfulÂly proÂduced and Fox’s intelÂliÂgent, self-depÂreÂcatÂing style puts both this guests and his lisÂtenÂers at ease. OthÂer podÂcasts, such as MiPOÂraÂdio (iTunes — Feed — Web Site), folÂlow the same interview/reading forÂmat.
Cloudy Day Art (iTunes — Feed — Web Site) simÂiÂlarÂly involves interÂviews, most recentÂly with forÂmer US Poet LauÂreÂate Ted KoosÂer, but with a difÂferÂent focus. A home-proÂduced show by WashÂingÂton DC resÂiÂdent Will Brown, the aim is to draw out of those he interÂviews thoughts, tips and advice for those who, like the ever-enthuÂsiÂasÂtic Will himÂself, are writÂing poetÂry, for pubÂliÂcaÂtion or just for themÂselves.
One podÂcast focusÂes pureÂly on Shakespeare’s sonÂnets, and is read by a man describÂing himÂself as “some guy from New York” (iTunes — Feed — Web Site). The shtick on this podÂcast is that the readÂer was ordered to read the sonÂnets as some form of comÂmuÂniÂty serÂvice or face the prospect of prison. I’m not sure I quite believe this – the interÂpreÂtaÂtions are too good, and the attiÂtude too laid-on. None of this detracts from what is, though, an enterÂtainÂing and intelÂliÂgent lisÂtenÂing expeÂriÂence.
For pure simÂplicÂiÂty, and no attiÂtude, I subÂscribe to Clarica’s PoetÂry Moment (iTunes — Feed — Web Site), which gives me what I want: a clear female voice readÂing a wide range of poetÂry, with no fuss, just a sense of pleaÂsure in the meanÂing and the sound of the words.
In this reacÂtion, I am a regÂuÂlar poetÂry podÂcast lisÂtenÂer: all comÂments I’ve read on my own, and othÂer sites show reacÂtion to all this spoÂken poetÂry to be overÂwhelmÂingÂly posÂiÂtive, and someÂtimes deeply emoÂtionÂal. PeoÂple love to hear the poem come off the page, whether they are a recepÂtionÂist in HolÂland, studyÂing for their EngÂlish LitÂerÂaÂture exams at high school in ScotÂland, or learnÂing EngÂlish in the Far East. It’s wonÂderÂful to sense the world being brought togethÂer through the mediÂum of the poetÂry podÂcast. SomeÂtimes it almost seems that techÂnolÂoÂgy has enabled the oral traÂdiÂtion to be reborn.
The popÂuÂlar interÂnet video, The SevÂen Minute SopraÂnos, has now been updatÂed to include the last seaÂson of the hit HBO series. This means that you can get all six seaÂsons (or 86 episodes) sumÂmaÂrized in a speedy nine minÂutes. Watch below.
It’s hard to imagÂine The GodÂfaÂther, the iconÂic 1972 film, withÂout MarÂlon BranÂdo. But that’s almost how it turned out.
DurÂing castÂing, ParaÂmount execÂuÂtives origÂiÂnalÂly pushed for LauÂrence OliviÂer. But when he couldÂn’t take the film, and when the direcÂtor, FranÂcis Ford CopÂpoÂla, asked them to conÂsidÂer BranÂdo, they iniÂtialÂly respondÂed: “MarÂlon BranÂdo will nevÂer appear in this motion picÂture.” Below, CopÂpoÂla and co-star James Caan explain how the execs were evenÂtuÂalÂly cajoled into changÂing their minds, and how film hisÂtoÂry fell into place. As you watch this, also keep in mind that ParaÂmount origÂiÂnalÂly asked two othÂer direcÂtors to make The GodÂfaÂther before approachÂing CopÂpoÂla, and they latÂer wantÂed Robert RedÂford or Ryan O’Neal to play Michael CorÂleone. But CopÂpoÂla, who threatÂened to quit proÂducÂtion, evenÂtuÂalÂly got his way and put the relÂaÂtiveÂly unknown Al PaciÂno into the film.
Head over to Wired and you’ll find a “How-To Wiki” that lists web sites where you can stream or downÂload music online for free. As you’ll see, Wired is not shy about admitÂting what it’s tryÂing to accomÂplish here. The wiki page is called “Cheat the Music IndusÂtry: NevÂer Pay for Music.”
The creÂativÂiÂty assoÂciÂatÂed with Wikipedia nevÂer ends. If you click here, a proÂgram called WikipediÂaVÂiÂsion will show you a Google map that disÂplays in real time who is writing/editing what Wikipedia entry across the globe. Cool mashup. (Source: The New Scientist.com)
ChiÂna is on the upswing politÂiÂcalÂly and ecoÂnomÂiÂcalÂly. AccordÂing to GoldÂman Sachs, ChiÂna’s econÂoÂmy may outÂsize every othÂer econÂoÂmy (except that of the U.S.) by 2016, and it could even surÂpass the AmerÂiÂcan econÂoÂmy by 2039. GivÂen this, the hottest lanÂguage being studÂied right now by busiÂness travÂelÂers is ManÂdarin (see this New York Times piece). And, in my work at StanÂford, we’re seeÂing a very sharp increase in young and old stuÂdents enrolling in ManÂdarin coursÂes (and othÂer ChiÂna-focused coursÂes), for both perÂsonÂal and proÂfesÂsionÂal reaÂsons.
LearnÂing ManÂdarin can be costÂly — some orgaÂniÂzaÂtions charge $2500 for a week-long course — but it doesÂn’t have to be. More reaÂsonÂably, you can purÂchase CD-Roms that will sysÂtemÂatÂiÂcalÂly teach you ManÂdarin at home, when your schedÂule perÂmits, for a much more reaÂsonÂable price (about $200). RosetÂta Stone offers one good examÂple. Or you can do it even more cheapÂly, if not for free, with the help of podÂcasts.
As you’ll see, there’s no shortÂage of ManÂdarin lanÂguage lessons, and we invite you to peruse the list below. Of all of them, two tend to get parÂticÂuÂlarÂly high marks from users. The first is called ChiÂnese Lessons with Serge MelÂnyk (iTunes — Feed — Web Site). Put togethÂer by an EngÂlish speakÂer who studÂied ManÂdarin ChiÂnese for almost 20 years (and who has lived in BeiÂjing and ShangÂhai for 12 years), the free podÂcast curÂrentÂly offers 90 lessons that last between 20 and 30 minÂutes. A secÂond option, which users also give posÂiÂtive feedÂback, is Chinesepod.com (iTunes — Feed — Web Site). ProÂduced by native speakÂers, these daiÂly audio podÂcasts, each runÂning 10–20 minÂutes in length, will immerse you in colÂloÂquiÂal (read: useÂful) ManÂdarin. ImpresÂsiveÂly, you can now find 100 pieces of audio in ChiÂneÂseÂpod’s large archive. While both of these podÂcasts are free, each offers addiÂtionÂal learnÂing resources for a reaÂsonÂable fee (though it appears that you can get by withÂout them).
A more advanced podÂcast, this series of lessons teachÂes ChiÂnese by talkÂing about ChiÂnese culÂture or what is hapÂpenÂing today in ChiÂna.
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