If we believe that Homo sapiÂens (a.k.a. peoÂple) and monÂkeys evolved from a comÂmon ancesÂtor, then it makes sense to ask: Can monÂkeys use lanÂguage like we do? Do they make mere sounds? Or do they use speÂcifÂic sounds to comÂmuÂniÂcate a range of difÂferÂent intendÂed things? Robert SeyÂfarÂth, a proÂfesÂsor at the UniÂverÂsiÂty of PennÂsylÂvaÂnia, uses the case of the Vervet MonÂkeys to answer these quesÂtions. You can read more about his work in The New York Times.
Some months ago, we asked you to name your favorite TED Talk. And, more than a few of you flagged Sir Ken RobinÂson’s preÂsenÂtaÂtion from 2006, Do Schools Kill CreÂativÂiÂty? You’re in good comÂpaÂny. The talk remains one of TED’s most popÂuÂlar videos of all time. Today, TED has released RobinÂson’s sequel (of sorts). RecordÂed this past FebÂruÂary, Bring on the LearnÂing RevÂoÂluÂtion! “makes the case for a radÂiÂcal shift from stanÂdardÂized schools to perÂsonÂalÂized learnÂing — creÂatÂing conÂdiÂtions where kids’ natÂurÂal talÂents can flourÂish.” Give it some time. PerÂhaps it’s anothÂer talk for the ages.
File this under “betÂter late than nevÂer.” Mark Twain spent his last decade writÂing his memÂoirs, proÂducÂing some 5,000 uneditÂed pages. HowÂevÂer, he stipÂuÂlatÂed that they couldÂn’t be pubÂlished for at least a cenÂtuÂry folÂlowÂing his death. (AproÂpos see this very rare footage recordÂed by Thomas EdiÂson showÂing Twain in his last year.) Fast forÂward to 2010. We have now clocked 100 years. And this NovemÂber, UC BerkeÂley will pubÂlish the first volÂume of Twain’s manÂuÂscript. The IndeÂpenÂdent tells you more about this litÂerÂary event, and sugÂgests why Twain wantÂed to keep his autoÂbiÂogÂraÂphy under wraps. Get the full artiÂcle here.
You may have heard the news last week: J. Craig VenÂter and a team of sciÂenÂtists creÂatÂed the first livÂing organÂism – a “synÂthetÂic cell” – by way of a comÂputÂer-genÂerÂatÂed genome. We’re now seeÂing the beginÂnings of artiÂfiÂcial life. And it’s a big stoÂry, with many far-reachÂing impliÂcaÂtions. But where does James Joyce fit into this picÂture? Let me add this litÂtle facÂtoid to the mix: AccordÂing to The ChrisÂtÂian SciÂence MonÂiÂtor, VenÂter’s team insertÂed DNA waterÂmark codes into the genome so that they can disÂtinÂguish between natÂurÂal and synÂthetÂic bacÂteÂria movÂing forÂward. And when this code is transÂlatÂed into EngÂlish, it will “spell out the names of the 46 researchers who helped with the project, quoÂtaÂtions from James Joyce, physiÂcist Richard FeynÂman and J. Robert OppenÂheimer, and a URL that anyÂone who deciÂphers the code can e‑mail.” Lots of smarts packed into the tiniÂest of packÂages.
UPDATE: The quotes in waterÂmark apparÂentÂly read: “TO LIVE, TO ERR, TO FALL, TO TRIUMPH, TO RECREATE LIFE OUT OF LIFE.” — James Joyce’s A PorÂtrait of the Artist as a Young Man; “SEE THINGS NOT AS THEY ARE, BUT AS THEY MIGHT BE.”-A quote from an OppenÂheimer biogÂraÂphy, AmerÂiÂcan Prometheus; “WHAT I CANNOT BUILD, I CANNOT UNDERSTAND.” — Richard FeynÂman.
SpeakÂing in New York City, David Simon, the creÂator of The Wire, wasÂn’t shy about takÂing the city to task. “There is no city more vain about its posiÂtion in popÂuÂlar culÂture, more indifÂferÂent to othÂer realÂiÂties, more self absorbed than othÂer cities.” “ManÂhatÂtan is [now] one big pile of monÂey,” which leaves it divorced from the real probÂlems facÂing othÂer AmerÂiÂcan cities. So why are so many stoÂries and teleÂviÂsion shows still cenÂtered in New York, and how can they tell the real tale of urban AmerÂiÂca in 2010?
This talk took place at The New School for LibÂerÂal Arts in NYC.
The Bill Gates colÂlege tour rolled through StanÂford UniÂverÂsiÂty in late April. And Gates brought with him a mesÂsage for stuÂdents: PhilÂanÂthropy counts. No matÂter how young you are, you can start thinkÂing about givÂing back.
His visÂit feaÂtured a large pubÂlic talk where he drove home this point. (Get the full talk in video or audio here.) Then, like any good teacher, he held office hours and answered stuÂdent quesÂtions posed through FaceÂbook. Watch his responsÂes above.
HuffÂPo has pulled togethÂer a list of The 12 GreatÂest LitÂerÂary One-Hit WonÂders. And it’s a strange list indeed. When you think of “one-hit wonÂders,” you think of memÂoÂrable songs recordÂed by very unmemÂoÂrable artists – artists who got their 15 minÂutes of fame and then fell right off the radar. MeanÂwhile, the HuffÂPo list includes some of the most endurÂing names in AmerÂiÂcan litÂerÂaÂture – F. Scott FitzgerÂald, J.D. Salinger, and HerÂman Melville. They gave us their big novÂels – The Great GatsÂby, The CatchÂer in the Rye, and Moby Dick – then wrote some othÂer lastÂing pieces of ficÂtion, both short and long. They hardÂly fadÂed into oblivÂion. And, years latÂer, we’re cerÂtainÂly not askÂing, “what ever hapÂpened to old what’s his name?”
British filmÂmakÂer TemuÂjin Doran may be betÂter known for his strong, highÂly opinÂionÂatÂed views on democÂraÂcy and polÂiÂtics, but his adapÂtaÂtion of Ernest HemÂingÂway’s memÂoir, A MoveÂable Feast, is someÂthing else entireÂly.
Though still narÂratÂed in Doran’s charÂacÂterÂisÂtiÂcalÂly urgent, restÂless tone, Spring offers a quiÂet tribÂute to Parisian urbanÂiÂty and the richÂness of seaÂsonÂalÂiÂty, capÂtured with cinÂeÂmatÂic minÂiÂmalÂism and eeriÂly indulÂgent aesÂthetÂic ausÂterÂiÂty.
Maria PopoÂva is the founder and ediÂtor in chief of Brain PickÂings, a curatÂed invenÂtoÂry of eclecÂtic interÂestÂingÂness and indisÂcrimÂiÂnate curiosÂiÂty. She writes for Wired UK, GOOD MagÂaÂzine, BigÂThink and HuffÂinÂgÂton Post, and spends a disÂturbÂing amount of time curatÂing interÂestÂingÂness on TwitÂter.
I live in SilÂiÂcon ValÂley where it’s easy to assume that you’re livÂing at the cenÂter of techÂnoÂlogÂiÂcal innoÂvaÂtion. But, as Sarah Lacy reminds us today in TechCrunch, SilÂiÂcon ValÂley will probÂaÂbly not realÂize the promise of e‑learning. Rather, it will be investors and entreÂpreÂneurs in Brazil, India, South Africa and othÂer emergÂing marÂkets. Why will they get the job done? Because their eduÂcaÂtionÂal sysÂtems haven’t fulÂly matured. They’re still a work-in-progress. And this creÂates an enviÂronÂment much more favorÂable to innoÂvaÂtion. You can get the rest of her thinkÂing here.
This week, TheNew York Times began a phiÂlosÂoÂphy blog called The Stone, modÂerÂatÂed by Simon CritchÂley. The series will address “issues both timeÂly and timeÂless – art, war, ethics, genÂder, popÂuÂlar culÂture and more.” And it will ask: “What does phiÂlosÂoÂphy look like today? Who are philosoÂphers, what are their conÂcerns and what role do they play in the 21st cenÂtuÂry?”
Not everyÂone is hapÂpy with the choice of CritchÂley as modÂerÂaÂtor, but it looks like there will be parÂticÂiÂpants to suit all temÂperaÂments: “NanÂcy Bauer, Jay BernÂstein, Arthur C. DanÂto, Todd May, NanÂcy SherÂman, Peter Singer and othÂers.”
CritchÂley begins with a quesÂtion bound to invite snarky comÂments: What is a PhilosoÂpher? Such comÂments have a long hisÂtoÂry (I’ve includÂed a YouTube clip of my all-time favorite parÂoÂdy above). And so the natÂurÂal startÂing point for any answer to that quesÂtion is the popÂuÂlar conÂcepÂtion of philosoÂpher as bullÂshit artist and “absent-mindÂed bufÂfoon”: “Socrates tells the stoÂry of Thales, who … was lookÂing so intentÂly at the stars that he fell into a well.” That’s a conÂcepÂtion that, I have to admit, trouÂbled me when I was a phiÂlosÂoÂphy gradÂuÂate stuÂdent and led me to drop out. And it has trouÂbled philosoÂphers hisÂtorÂiÂcalÂly: many a sober treaÂtise begins with the unflatÂterÂing comÂparÂiÂson of phiÂlosÂoÂphy to the empirÂiÂcal sciÂences and the statÂed goal of remÂeÂdyÂing this defiÂcienÂcy. And some strains of anaÂlytÂic phiÂlosÂoÂphy argue that the soluÂtion to philoÂsophÂiÂcal probÂlems is to realÂize that there are no such probÂlems, and that phiÂlosÂoÂphy has a relÂaÂtiveÂly modÂest supÂportÂing role in clarÂiÂfyÂing the founÂdaÂtions of sciÂence.
True to my philoÂsophÂiÂcal pediÂgree, I think that the quesÂtion is in a way its own answer: philoÂsophÂiÂcal probÂlems natÂuÂralÂly elide into the probÂlem of what phiÂlosÂoÂphy is and what it is that philosoÂphers do. One levÂel of reflecÂtion tends to lead to the next, and doubt to self-doubt. PhilosoÂphers are peoÂple who spend their time tryÂing to figÂure out what they’re doing with their time and why they’re doing it. And so for instance, quesÂtions about how we should live (ethics) and what we can know (episÂteÂmolÂoÂgy) are also quesÂtions about whether the life of the mind is worthÂwhile and whether philoÂsophÂiÂcal purÂsuits are propÂerÂly sciÂenÂtifÂic. The unavoidÂable state of affairs here is that phiÂlosÂoÂphy falls perÂpetÂuÂalÂly into one criÂsis (or well) after anothÂer –recent departÂment cloÂsures are just one examÂple.
One way of remÂeÂdyÂing the nagÂging thought that phiÂlosÂoÂphy is mereÂly a retreat from worldÂly affairs, pracÂtiÂcalÂiÂty, and life in genÂerÂal is to do preÂciseÂly what TheNew York Times has done here, and try to iniÂtiÂate more popÂuÂlar and less acaÂdÂeÂmÂic conÂverÂsaÂtions about the subÂject. (And to get in a plug, it’s what I and two othÂer phiÂlosÂoÂphy grad school dropouts have tried to do with our podÂcast, The ParÂtialÂly ExamÂined Life; and what I think Open CulÂture does with its focus on the interÂsecÂtion of eduÂcaÂtion and new media).
For CritchÂley, the quesÂtion of time is paraÂmount to answerÂing his openÂing quesÂtion: newsÂpaÂpers and blogs are typÂiÂcalÂly focused on timeÂliÂness rather than timeÂlessÂness, and they’re meant for busy peoÂple who want to quickÂly absorb “inforÂmaÂtion.”
But that tenÂsion is inherÂentÂly philoÂsophÂiÂcal.
Wes Alwan lives in Boston, MassÂaÂchuÂsetts, where he works as a writer and researcher and attends the InstiÂtute for the Study of PsyÂchoÂanalyÂsis and CulÂture. He also parÂticÂiÂpates in The ParÂtialÂly ExamÂined Life, a podÂcast conÂsistÂing of inforÂmal disÂcusÂsions about philoÂsophÂiÂcal texts by three phiÂlosÂoÂphy gradÂuÂate school dropouts.
We're hoping to rely on loyal readers, rather than erratic ads. Please click the Donate button and support Open Culture. You can use Paypal, Venmo, Patreon, even Crypto! We thank you!
Open Culture scours the web for the best educational media. We find the free courses and audio books you need, the language lessons & educational videos you want, and plenty of enlightenment in between.