
By their colÂor palettes, by their draÂmatÂic strucÂtures, by their shot lengths, by the freÂquenÂcy and variÂety of their charÂacÂters’ swearÂing: film enthuÂsiÂasts have found ways to anaÂlyze just about every aspect of film. But only recentÂly has the world of film analyÂsis seen a large-scale study of diaÂlogue by genÂder and age — in fact, the largest-scale study of diaÂlogue by genÂder and age yet — underÂtakÂen by a new site called PolyÂgraph, “a pubÂliÂcaÂtion that explores popÂuÂlar culÂture with data and visuÂal stoÂryÂtelling.” They wantÂed to put to the data test part of the notion, wideÂly expressed in opinÂion pieces, that “white men domÂiÂnate movie roles.”
“We Googled our way to 8,000 screenÂplays and matched each character’s lines to an actor,” write PolyÂgraph’s HanÂnah AnderÂson and Matt Daniels. “From there, we comÂpiled the numÂber of words spoÂken by male and female charÂacÂters across roughÂly 2,000 films, arguably the largest underÂtakÂing of script analyÂsis, ever.” They present their quanÂtiÂtaÂtive results with great visuÂal clarÂiÂty, and you can view them for three disÂtinct areas of cinÂeÂma terÂriÂtoÂry: just the 2,000 screenÂplays the study focused on; only high-grossÂing films at the AmerÂiÂcan box office; and only DisÂney movies (known, of course, for their abunÂdance of princessÂes, with or withÂout many lines).

“Across thouÂsands of films in our dataset,” they write, “it was hard to find a subÂset that didn’t over-index male. Even romanÂtic comeÂdies have diaÂlogue that is, on averÂage, 58% male. For examÂple, PretÂty Woman and 10 Things I Hate About You both have lead women (i.e., charÂacÂters with the most amount of diaÂlogue). But the overÂall diaÂlogue for both films is 52% male, due to the numÂber of male supÂportÂing charÂacÂters.” And as far as age, “diaÂlogue availÂable to women who are over 40 years old decrease subÂstanÂtialÂly. For men, it’s the exact oppoÂsite: there are more roles availÂable to oldÂer actors.”
DependÂing on what kind of films you watch, this may well jibe with your viewÂing expeÂriÂence: mainÂstream stoÂries have long tendÂed to favor macho and often mature proÂtagÂoÂnists, and the antagÂoÂnists they defeat in man-to-man comÂbat have someÂtimes reached advanced ages indeed (all the more time, preÂsumÂably, in which to have masÂtered the art of vilÂlainy, espeÂcialÂly of the one-last-grand-speech-before-I-destroy-the-world variÂety). The women, and usuÂalÂly young women, feaÂtured in such picÂtures, when they appear at all, have to do much of their comÂmuÂniÂcaÂtion nonÂverÂbalÂly.
This all supÂports a comÂplaint I’ve long had about the movies, mainÂstream or othÂerÂwise: over a cenÂtuÂry in exisÂtence, and they’ve hardÂly touched the vast creÂative space availÂable to them. The all-female GhostÂbusters comÂing this sumÂmer will sureÂly do its small part to recÂtiÂfy the lack of woman-delivÂered diaÂlogue on the silÂver screen, but the depth of the defiÂcienÂcy, as revealed by PolyÂgraph, sugÂgests we could do with a few all-female GlenÂgarÂry Glen Rosses as well.
RelatÂed ConÂtent:
An AmbiÂtious List of 1400 Films Made by Female FilmÂmakÂers
10 Tips From BilÂly Wilder on How to Write a Good ScreenÂplay
Based in Seoul, ColÂin MarÂshall writes and broadÂcasts on cities, lanÂguage, and style. He’s at work on a book about Los AngeÂles, A Los AngeÂles Primer, the video series The City in CinÂeÂma, the crowdÂfundÂed jourÂnalÂism project Where Is the City of the Future?, and the Los AngeÂles Review of Books’ Korea Blog. FolÂlow him on TwitÂter at @colinmarshall or on FaceÂbook.




