A Quick Animation of Frida Kahlo’s Famous Self Portrait

in Animation, Art | February 2nd, 2014

In 1940, Fri­da Kahlo paint­ed a self por­trait for her lover, the pho­tog­ra­ph­er Nick­o­las Muray. Accord­ing to the Fri­da Kahlo fan site, the paint­ing enti­tled “Autor­re­tra­to con col­lar de espinas” (or Self Por­trait with Neck­lace of Thorns) fea­tures Kahlo wear­ing Christ’s crown of thorns

as a neck­lace, pre­sent­ing her­self as a Chris­t­ian mar­tyr. The thorns dig­ging into her neck are sym­bol­ic of the pain she still feels over her divorce from Diego [Rivera]. Hang­ing from the thorny neck­lace is a dead hum­ming­bird whose out­stretched wings echo Frida’s joined eye­brows. In Mex­i­can folk tra­di­tion, dead hum­ming­birds were used as charms to bring luck in love. Over her left shoul­der the black cat, a sym­bol of bad luck and death, waits to pounce on the hum­ming­bird. Over her right shoul­der the sym­bol of the dev­il, her pet monkey…a gift from Diego. Around her hair, but­ter­flies rep­re­sent the Res­ur­rec­tion. Once again, Fri­da uses a wall of large trop­i­cal plant leaves as the back­ground.

In late 2013, Flo­rent Por­ta dropped the paint­ing into Pho­to­shop and brought every­thing in the back­ground to life. If this short clip intrigues, you should­n’t miss the recent viral video called “Beau­ty,” which ani­mates paint­ings by Car­avag­gio, Ver­meer, & oth­er great mas­ters.

via Coudal

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Fri­da Kahlo Writes a Per­son­al Let­ter to Geor­gia O’Keeffe After O’Keeffe’s Ner­vous Break­down (1933)

Watch Mov­ing Short Films of Fri­da Kahlo and Diego Rivera at the “Blue House”

Fri­da Kahlo and Diego Rivera Vis­it Leon Trot­sky in Mex­i­co, 1938

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Where to Find Free Art Images & Books from Great Museums, and Free Books from University Presses

in Art, e-books | January 26th, 2014

klee cover

In recent years, many great art muse­ums have decid­ed to open up their col­lec­tions, putting online huge troves of images that show­case the mas­ter­pieces hang­ing on their walls. They’ve also made avail­able free art cat­a­logues and books, let­ting you learn all about impor­tant artists and styles of paint­ing. Now, uni­ver­si­ty press­es and libraries are start­ing to fol­low suit, giv­ing read­ers free access to books from their archives. We’ve tried to keep you post­ed on these cul­tur­al devel­op­ments here on Open Cul­ture. But you’ve like­ly missed a great resource or two. To make sure you stay up to speed, we offer a roundup below:

Art Books

Art Images

Uni­ver­si­ty Press­es

If we’re miss­ing any great col­lec­tion, please let us know in the com­ments sec­tion below. We’re always love to dis­cov­er a new store­house of free knowl­edge. And we’ll make sure that read­ers learn about them.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

825 Free Online Cours­es from Top Uni­ver­si­ties

500 Free eBooks: Down­load to Kin­dle, iPad/iPhone & Nook

550 Free Audio Books: Down­load Great Books for Free

Learn 46 Lan­guages Online for Free: Span­ish, Chi­nese, Eng­lish & More

625 Free Movies Online: Great Clas­sics, Indies, Noir, West­erns, etc.

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See Carl Sagan’s Childhood Sketches of The Future of Space Travel

in Art, Astronomy, History | January 24th, 2014

Carl Sagan had his first reli­gious expe­ri­ence at the age of five. Unsur­pris­ing­ly, it was root­ed in sci­ence. Sagan, then liv­ing in Brook­lyn, had start­ed pes­ter­ing every­one around him about what stars were, and had grown frus­trat­ed by his inabil­i­ty to get a straight answer. Like the resource­ful five-year-old that he was, the young Sagan took mat­ters into his own hands and pro­ceed­ed to the library:

“I went to the librar­i­an and asked for a book about stars … And the answer was stun­ning. It was that the Sun was a star but real­ly close. The stars were suns, but so far away they were just lit­tle points of light … The scale of the uni­verse sud­den­ly opened up to me. It was a kind of reli­gious expe­ri­ence. There was a mag­nif­i­cence to it, a grandeur, a scale which has nev­er left me. Nev­er ever left me.”

This sense of uni­ver­sal won­der would even­tu­al­ly lead Sagan to become a well-known astronomer and cos­mol­o­gist, as well as one of the 20th cen­tu­ry’s most beloved sci­ence edu­ca­tors. Although he passed away in 1996, aged 62, Sagan’s lega­cy remains alive and well. This March, a reboot of his famed 1980 PBS show, Comos: A Per­son­al Voy­age, will appear on Fox, with the equal­ly great sci­ence pop­u­lar­iz­er Neil DeGrasse Tyson tak­ing Sagan’s role as host. Mean­while, last Novem­ber saw the open­ing of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive at the Library of Con­gress.

Among the papers in the archive was this sketch, titled “The Evo­lu­tion of Inter­stel­lar Flight,” which Sagan drew between the ages of 10 and 13. In the cen­ter of the draw­ing Sagan pen­cilled the  logo of Inter­stel­lar Space­lines, which, Sagan imag­ined, was “Estab­lished [in] 1967 for the advance­ment of transpa­cial and intrau­ni­ver­sal sci­ence.” Its mot­to? “Dis­cov­ery –Explo­ration – Col­o­niza­tion.” Sur­round­ing the logo, Sagan drew assort­ed news­pa­per clip­pings that he imag­ined could her­ald the key tech­no­log­i­cal advance­ments in the space race. Impres­sive­ly drawn astro­nauts in the cor­ner aside, I most enjoyed the faux-clip­ping that read “LIFE FOUND ON VENUS: Pre­his­toric-like rep­tiles are…” Good luck con­tain­ing your sense of won­der on see­ing that.

via F, Yeah Man­u­scripts!

Ilia Blin­d­er­man is a Mon­tre­al-based cul­ture and sci­ence writer. Fol­low him at @iliablinderman.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Carl Sagan’s Under­grad Read­ing List: 40 Essen­tial Texts for a Well-Round­ed Thinker

Carl Sagan Presents Six Lec­tures on Earth, Mars & Our Solar Sys­tem … For Kids (1977)

Carl Sagan, Stephen Hawk­ing & Arthur C. Clarke Dis­cuss God, the Uni­verse, and Every­thing Else

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Download Over 300+ Free Art Books From the Getty Museum

in Art, e-books, Museums | January 22nd, 2014

cézanne

Yes­ter­day, we wrote about the Well­come Library’s open­ing up of its dig­i­tal archives and mak­ing over 100,000 med­ical images freely avail­able online. If you’ve already made your way through this choice selec­tion (or if the prospect of view­ing a 19th cen­tu­ry leg ampu­ta­tion doesn’t quite pique your curios­i­ty) have no fear. Get­ty Pub­li­ca­tions just announced the launch of its Vir­tu­al Library, where read­ers can freely browse and down­load over 250 art books from the publisher’s back­list cat­a­logue.

The Vir­tu­al Library con­sists of texts asso­ci­at­ed with sev­er­al Get­ty insti­tu­tions. Read­ers can view exten­sive­ly researched exhi­bi­tion cat­a­logues from the J. Paul Get­ty Muse­um, includ­ing Paul Cézan­ne’s late-life water­colours, when the painter raised the still life to a high art (Cézanne in the Stu­dio: Still Life in Water­col­ors, 2004), as well as the woe­ful­ly under­ap­pre­ci­at­ed Flem­ish illus­tra­tions of the 15th and 16th cen­turies (Illu­mi­nat­ing the Renais­sance: The Tri­umph of Flem­ish Man­u­script, 2003).  The col­lec­tion also con­tains detailed trea­tis­es on art con­ser­va­tion from the Get­ty Con­ser­va­tion Insti­tute, and schol­ar­ly works from the Get­ty Research Insti­tute, both of which include a mul­ti­tude of books on spe­cial­ized top­ics. Fan­cy read­ing about the rela­tion­ship between Peter Paul Rubens and Jan Brueghel the Elder, the two leg­endary 17th cen­tu­ry painters who lived in the Nether­lands’ city of Antwerp? There’s a book on that. Intrigued by all the pros­ti­tutes in French impres­sion­ism? Try Paint­ed Love: Pros­ti­tu­tion in French Art of the Impres­sion­ist Era (2003). Per­haps you’re par­tial to ancient vas­es, and have already read The Col­ors of Clay (2006), Pots & Plays (2007), and Greek Vas­es (1983)? Don’t wor­ry, the Getty’s vir­tu­al library has at least 8 more vase-ori­ent­ed books.

All of the Getty’s vir­tu­al library vol­umes are avail­able in PDF for­mat, and can be added to your Google Books library. If you’re look­ing for more free art books, don’t miss our post from last year: The Met­ro­pol­i­tan Muse­um of Art and the Guggen­heim Offer 474 Free Art Books Online.

Ilia Blin­d­er­man is a Mon­tre­al-based cul­ture and sci­ence writer. Fol­low him at @iliablinderman.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

The British Library Puts 1,000,000 Images into the Pub­lic Domain, Mak­ing Them Free to Reuse & Remix

The Get­ty Puts 4600 Art Images Into the Pub­lic Domain (and There’s More to Come)

The Nation­al Gallery Makes 25,000 Images of Art­work Freely Avail­able Online

Read 700 Free eBooks Made Avail­able by the Uni­ver­si­ty of Cal­i­for­nia Press

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Download 100,000+ Images From The History of Medicine, All Free Courtesy of The Wellcome Library

in Art, Biology, History, Science | January 21st, 2014

L0043496 Ambroise Pare: prosthetics, mechanical hand

The Well­come Library, in Lon­don, spe­cial­izes in the his­to­ry of med­i­cine. While the insti­tu­tion has long offered a good dig­i­tal col­lec­tion for brows­ing, the library announced yes­ter­day that they are mak­ing more than 100,000 his­tor­i­cal images free to down­load under a Cre­ative Com­mons CC-BY license. (Users can dis­trib­ute, edit, or remix at will; the license even allows for com­mer­cial use, with attri­bu­tion.)

The Wellcome’s hold­ings rep­re­sent the institution’s long-term inter­est in col­lect­ing art relat­ed to med­i­cine, the body, pub­lic health, and med­ical sci­ence. The drop-down menu labeled “Tech­nique” in the stan­dard search box returns a stag­ger­ing array of types of visu­al cul­ture, from aquatint to carv­ing to fres­co to X‑ray. The library reports that the ear­li­est image avail­able is from 400 AD: a frag­ment of papyrus from an illus­trat­ed herbal man­u­script, fea­tur­ing a fad­ed col­or draw­ing of a plant.

L0031627 Mastectomy, attributed to a Dutch artist, 17th century

Some images in the col­lec­tion are, per­haps unsur­pris­ing­ly, squirm-induc­ing (an 1851 Japan­ese wood­cut show­ing an ampu­ta­tion of the low­er leg; a Dutch etch­ing depict­ing a 17th-c mas­tec­to­my; a Ger­man illus­tra­tion show­ing 17th-cen­tu­ry monks per­form­ing eye surgery). But there is plen­ty of beau­ty here, as well. I loved an a 19th-c wood­cut of a sumo match, and a Tibetan illus­trat­ed man­u­script used in the pro­duc­tion of med­i­cines.

L0038345 Tibetan plant manuscript Credit: Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images images@wellcome.ac.uk http://wellcomeimages.org Illustrations of Tibetan materia medica, plant and animal, used in the production of medicine. Title: 'A Selection of Substances used for the Production of Medicine based on the Teaching of the four (medical) Tantras' This anonymous manuscript is written in the 'Trungpa' ('khrungs dpe) genre of Tibetan medical literature. Entitled, 'Sman bla'i dgongs rgyan rgud bzhi'i nang gi 'khrungs dpe re zhig', it deals with various material medica, plant and animal, used in the production of medicine. The book comprises unbound sheets of thick (perhaps Russian?) paper held together by two boards and wrapped in a piece of cloth. The medical illustrations are finished in colour. The manuscript is very rare and obviously very expensive. Its owner made a significant effort to obtain illustrations for every medicine mentioned, including plants, stones and animals. There are several suggestions about the origin of the manuscript. It might well be a copy from Sangye Gyatso's 'tankas', possibly written by a painter or doctor who travelled from Mongolia to Lhasa. It could have been transcribed in Tibet and subsequently sold to Mongolia. There is a similarity between the images of material medica in this manuscript and those found in the 19th century Tibetan xylographs of medical works, like the 'Mdzes mtshar mig rgyan', which circulated in the territory of Mongolia in the nineteenth century. 18th century Sman bla'i dgongs rgyan rgud bzhi'i nang gi 'khrungs dpe re zhig 'A Selection of Substances used for the Production of Medicine based on the Teaching of the four (medical) Tantras Published: - Copyrighted work available under Creative Commons Attribution only licence CC BY 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Browsers inter­est­ed in dip­ping a toe into the stream of images may try out the gal­leries list­ed on the Images home­page. The “Olympic Sports” gallery offers an 1829 engrav­ing of the famous con­joined twins Chang and Eng hold­ing bad­minton rack­ets, and an 1870 illus­tra­tion of rec­om­mend­ed ring exer­cis­es for lady gym­nasts. The “Witch­craft” col­lec­tion (under the “Favourites” tab) con­tains many illus­tra­tions from his­tor­i­cal books cov­er­ing witch­craft in Europe and the Amer­i­can colonies, along with a more sur­pris­ing 19th-cen­tu­ry Malayan black-mag­ic charm.

Rights-man­aged images are marked as such in the thumb­nail results that appear after a search. Although the archive requires you to enter a CAPTCHA to access the free images, you can select sev­er­al thumb­nails on the search-results page in order to bulk-down­load files for many images at the same time. The sam­ple files I request­ed arrived on my desk­top at 300 dpi.

The image above is an illus­tra­tion of a mechan­i­cal hand from 1564.

h/t @kirstinbutler

Rebec­ca Onion is a writer and aca­d­e­m­ic liv­ing in Philadel­phia. She runs Slate.com’s his­to­ry blog, The Vault. Fol­low her on Twit­ter: @rebeccaonion. 

Relat­ed Con­tent:

The British Library Puts 1,000,000 Images into the Pub­lic Domain, Mak­ing Them Free to Reuse & Remix

The Get­ty Puts 4600 Art Images Into the Pub­lic Domain (and There’s More to Come)

The Nation­al Gallery Makes 25,000 Images of Art­work Freely Avail­able Online

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Federico Fellini, Born 94 Years Ago Today, Writes a Gushing Letter to Legendary Cartoonist, Moebius

in Art, Film | January 20th, 2014

FelliniGiraud

If you believe that artis­tic col­lab­o­ra­tions occur in the after­life, few could sound more intrigu­ing than one between the cre­ators pic­tured, in life, above: Fed­eri­co Felli­ni, born 94 years ago today and gone for the past twen­ty, and Jean Giraud, who passed in 2012. The Ital­ian direc­tor Felli­ni, we need hard­ly explain, made such haunt­ing­ly flam­boy­ant films as La Dolce Vita, 8½, and Satyri­con. The Fran­co-Bel­gian com­ic artist Giraud, bet­ter known as Mœbius, took his form to its high­est aes­thet­ic lev­el with works like Arzach, The Air­tight Garage of Jer­ry Cor­nelius, The Incal, and, under his alter­nate pseu­do­nym Gir, the uncon­ven­tion­al Wild-West series Blue­ber­ry. (You can learn more by watch­ing the doc­u­men­tary In Search of Mœbius, pre­vi­ous­ly fea­tured here.) Reflect, for a moment, on what bizarre, fan­tas­ti­cal, yet psy­cho­log­i­cal­ly con­crete visions these two imag­i­na­tions could togeth­er real­ize.

MoebiusFellini
Click for larg­er image

Felli­ni quite admired Giraud, con­sid­er­ing him at the lev­el of Picas­so and Matisse. On Ital­ian tele­vi­sion, he once called him “a unique tal­ent endowed with an extra­or­di­nary vision­ary imag­i­na­tion that’s con­stant­ly renewed and nev­er vul­gar” who “dis­turbs and con­soles” and pos­sess­es “the abil­i­ty to trans­port us into unknown worlds where we encounter unset­tling char­ac­ters.” The 1979 let­ter above, which Felli­ni wrote while shoot­ing City of Women, con­tin­ues this line of praise in a direct man­ner. “Every­thing you do pleas­es me,” he says. “Even your name pleas­es me.” He describes the qual­i­ties of Mœbius’ work that con­tin­ue to win him admir­ers, from “the joy and enthu­si­asm your draw­ings exude” (which “demand of me a great pre­ci­sion”) to “the light­ing tech­nique you use” to feel­ing “sus­pend­ed weight­less­ly in one of your oblique uni­vers­es.” But above all the oth­er lines, one aside in par­tic­u­lar gets my own imag­i­na­tion run­ning: “What a great film direc­tor you would make! Have you ever thought about it?”

Relat­ed Con­tent:

The Inscrutable Imag­i­na­tion of the Late Com­ic Artist Mœbius

Fed­eri­co Felli­ni Intro­duces Him­self to Amer­i­ca in Exper­i­men­tal 1969 Doc­u­men­tary

Fellini’s Fan­tas­tic TV Com­mer­cials

Felli­ni + Abrams = Super 8½

Col­in Mar­shall hosts and pro­duces Note­book on Cities and Cul­ture and writes essays on cities, Asia, film, lit­er­a­ture, and aes­thet­ics. He’s at work on a book about Los Ange­les, A Los Ange­les Primer. Fol­low him on Twit­ter at @colinmarshall or on his brand new Face­book page.

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An Undertaking: Woodworker Honors His Grandma with a Custom-Made Coffin

in Art, Life | January 19th, 2014

Good thing Austin-based design­er Michael Yates stud­ied abroad. Three months spent in the vicin­i­ty of Kyoto as a Texas A&M elec­tri­cal engi­neer­ing stu­dent ulti­mate­ly inspired him to aban­don the pro­fes­sion for which he had trained, in order to pur­sue wood­work­ing. “…the sacred­ness of the process and atten­tion to detail res­onat­ed with me in a way that noth­ing had before,” he recalls in an Apart­ment Ther­a­py pro­file. “I’ve since learned in prac­tice what I saw evi­dence of in the temples—that com­plete­ly focus­ing on where you are will get you the best prod­uct at the end. Every step of the process is pre­cious.”

Had he not changed hors­es in mid­stream, his grand­moth­er would have like­ly stuck to the plan too, depart­ing for the after­life in a stan­dard-issue cof­fin or urn, rather than ask­ing Yates to build her some­thing spe­cial. In his mind, it was a col­lab­o­ra­tion, a process doc­u­ment­ed above, at the behest of Whole Foods’ online mag­a­zine, Dark Rye.  (Indi­cat­ing, per­haps, that arti­sanal, upcy­cled coffins will soon be avail­able for pur­chase beside bam­boo cut­ting boards and local­ly sourced, grass-fed, beef jerky?)

Yate’s grand­ma placed her request pre-need, in the indus­try lin­go, a move that afford­ed him plen­ty of time to study—and reject—the over­ly ornate ves­sels that have become a cul­tur­al norm. Lux­u­ri­ous details have no place, he feels, when the user can derive no enjoy­ment from them. (Guess he and Grand­ma weren’t con­sid­er­ing going with the off-the-wall Ghana approach.)

The cof­fin is the most mean­ing­ful piece he’s ever cre­at­ed, even before it could be beta test­ed. It caused him to think deeply about our rela­tion­ship with death and each oth­er. The sound­track hints that some­thing very sad is about to hap­pen, as do the pho­tos of his grand­moth­er as a vibrant, younger woman. (Such shots have become de rigeur for any­one mourn­ing an old­er rel­a­tive on Face­book.) Yates men­tions that his grand­moth­er, healthy when she hatched this scheme, has been diag­nosed with can­cer. I think we can assume where this is going, right?

At the risk of  a spoil­er, I’d like to com­mend the film­mak­ers for allow­ing some key scenes to occur off-cam­era. Yates remarks that after all that went into mak­ing the cof­fin, it would be “a ter­ri­ble miss” if his grand­moth­er did not get a chance to see it. He’s filmed load­ing it into his truck, but view­ers are not privy to its deliv­ery. Some things, it would seem, are still per­son­al.

Michael-Yates-Body-Woodworker-25

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Carl Gus­tav Jung Pon­ders Death

Find Yale’s Course Death  in our col­lec­tion of 825 Free Online Cours­es

Leonard Cohen Nar­rates Film on The Tibetan Book of the Dead, Fea­tur­ing the Dalai Lama (1994)

Ayun Hal­l­i­day oper­ates in the shad­ow of the South Brook­lyn Cas­ket Com­pa­ny. @AyunHalliday

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Fyodor Dostoevsky Draws Elaborate Doodles In His Manuscripts

in Art, Literature | January 17th, 2014

Few would argue against the claim that Fyo­dor Dos­to­evsky, author of such bywords for lit­er­ary weight­i­ness as Crime and Pun­ish­ment, The Idiot, and The Broth­ers Kara­ma­zov, mas­tered the nov­el, even by the for­mi­da­ble stan­dards of 19th-cen­tu­ry Rus­sia. But if you look into his papers, you’ll find that he also had an intrigu­ing way with pen and ink out­side the realm of let­ters — or, if you like, deep inside the realm of let­ters, since to see draw­ings by Dos­to­evsky, you actu­al­ly have to look with­in the man­u­scripts of his nov­els.

Above, we have a page from Crime and Pun­ish­ment into which a pair of solemn faces (not that their mood will sur­prise enthu­si­asts of Russ­ian lit­er­a­ture) found their way. Just below, you’ll find exam­ples from the same man­u­script of his pen turn­ing toward the orna­men­tal and archi­tec­tur­al while he “cre­at­ed his fic­tion step by step as he lived, read, remem­bered, reprocessed and wrote,” as the exhi­bi­tion of “Dos­toyevsky’s Doo­dles” at Colum­bia Uni­ver­si­ty’s Har­ri­man Insti­tute of Russ­ian, Eurasian, and East Euro­pean Stud­ies put it.

Accord­ing to the exhi­bi­tion descrip­tion, Dos­to­evsky’s notes to him­self “rep­re­sent that key moment when the accu­mu­lat­ed pro­to-nov­el crys­tal­lized into a text. Like many of us, Dos­to­evsky doo­dled hard­est when the words came slow­est.” Some of Dos­to­evsky’s char­ac­ter descrip­tions, argues schol­ar Kon­stan­tin Barsht, “are actu­al­ly the descrip­tions of doo­dled por­traits he kept rework­ing until they were right.” He did­n’t just do so dur­ing the writ­ing of Crime and Pun­ish­ment, either; below we have a page of The Dev­ils that com­bines the human, the archi­tec­tur­al, and the cal­li­graph­ic, appar­ent­ly the three main avenues through which Dos­to­evsky pur­sued the doo­dler’s art.

Even if you would per­son­al­ly argue against his claim to great­ness (and thus side with his coun­try­man, col­league in lit­er­a­ture, and fel­low part-time artist Vladimir Nabokov, who found him a “mediocre” writer giv­en to “waste­lands of lit­er­ary plat­i­tudes”), sure­ly you can enjoy the charge of pure cre­ation you feel from wit­ness­ing his tex­tu­al mind inter­act with his visu­al one. Works by Dos­to­evsky can be found in our Free Audio Books and Free eBooks col­lec­tions.

Relat­ed Con­tent:

Vir­ginia Woolf Loved Dos­to­evsky, Oscar Wilde Some­times Despised Dick­ens & Oth­er Gos­sip from The Read­ing Expe­ri­ence Data­base

Albert Camus Talks About Adapt­ing Dos­toyevsky for the The­atre, 1959

Crime and Pun­ish­ment by Fyo­dor Dos­toyevsky Told in a Beau­ti­ful­ly Ani­mat­ed Film by Piotr Dumala

Nabokov Makes Edi­to­r­i­al Improve­ments to Kafka’s “The Meta­mor­pho­sis”

Col­in Mar­shall hosts and pro­duces Note­book on Cities and Cul­ture and writes essays on cities, Asia, film, lit­er­a­ture, and aes­thet­ics. He’s at work on a book about Los Ange­les, A Los Ange­les Primer. Fol­low him on Twit­ter at @colinmarshall or on his brand new Face­book page.

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