John Cage enthusiasts have surely rejoiced at the New York Public Library’s opening of John Cage Unbound: A Living Archive, which offers visitors a chance to experience how the uniquely innovative composer’s life and work continue to affect the performance of music today. But if you don’t happen to live in New York, no need to book a trip; you can browse the archive online whenever and from wherever you please. One wonders what Cage, who died the year before the debut of the World Wide Web as we know it, would have made of all the artistic invention, sonic and otherwise, that the internet has enabled. I like to think he’d gaze with great fascination at this site’s continually updated collection of not only vintage John Cage footage — him playing amplified cacti and plant materials with a feather with Takehisa Kosugi, him speaking in 1978 — but recent material as well, such as Paul Schuette’s interpretation of the piece “Water Walk,” and The Anta Project performing Cage’s famous “4’33”,” the piece that involves no playing, at the U.S.-Mexico border.
Bridging the gap between the old and the new, the video above collects personal impressions of John Cage from those who participated in his 1970 performance at Carlisle, Pennsylvania’s Dickinson College. “Intense, observant, focused,” says the college’s President William Durden. “Not necessarily a person who took up space, but a person who really… chiseled space.” Thinking about the nature of the concert, Joe Sobel, a musician who built an instrument out of junked car horns especially for it, remembers that “if you approached it in a dour, serious way, you weren’t going to be able to make any sense of it. In order to enjoy it, you had to be open and willing to get the joke.” He could say the same about everything John Cage ever did. Hearing these reflections and then, later in the video, seeing a group of Dickinson students grapple with putting on Cage’s “Radio Music” — a piece played not with traditional instruments, but literal radios — even viewers who aren’t yet John Cage enthusiasts may find themselves intrigued. Spending an evening at John Cage Unbound will get them up to speed on the composer’s enduring relevance; pair it with a reading of Cage’s famous book/manifesto Silence, and you’ll never think about music in quite the same way again.
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John Cage Performs Water Walk on “I’ve Got a Secret” (1960)
Colin Marshall hosts and produces Notebook on Cities and Culture. Follow him on Twitter at @colinmarshall
Read More...Back in 1825, Michael Faraday, the venerated English scientist, established The Royal Institution Christmas Lectures for Children. Faraday gave the inaugural lecture himself, hoping to get a younger generation interested in science, and the tradition has carried on ever since. Above, we’re skipping forward 166 years to 1991, when Richard Dawkins, one of the world’s best known evolutionary biologists, presented a five part lecture series called Growing Up in the Universe. It’s a rather brilliant look at life, the universe, and our place in it. And while it’s geared toward a younger crowd, adults will enjoy it too. Originally televised by the BBC, the lectures now appear on YouTube, courtesy of The Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science.
All of the lectures, whose titles are listed below, can be viewed in the playlist above. More RI Christmas Lectures for Children can be viewed online here. This series will be added to our collection. 1,700 Free Online Courses from Top Universities.
Lecture 1: Waking Up in the Universe
Lecture 2: Designed and Designoid Objects
Lecture 3: Climbing Mount Improbable
Lecture 4: The Ultraviolet Garden
Lecture 5: The Genesis of Purpose
If you would like to support the mission of Open Culture, consider making a donation to our site. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your contributions will help us continue providing the best free cultural and educational materials to learners everywhere. You can contribute through PayPal, Patreon, and Venmo (@openculture). Thanks!
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Allen Ginsberg was an unlikely MTV star. In late 1996 the Beat poet was 70 years old and in declining health. He had less than a year to live. But Ginsberg managed to stay culturally and politically relevant, right up to the end. His last major project was a collaboration with Paul McCartney and Philip Glass, among others, on a musical adaptation of his poem, “The Ballad of the Skeletons.”
The poem was first published in 1995. The American political climate from which it arose bears a striking resemblance to the one we’re living in today. “I started it,” Ginsberg told Harvey Kubernik of The Los Angeles Times in 1996, “because [of] all that inflated bull about the family values, the ‘contract with America,’ Newt Gingrich and all the loudmouth stuff on talk radio, and Rush Limbaugh and all those other guys. It seemed obnoxious and stupid and kind of sub-contradictory, so I figured I’d write a poem to knock it out of the ring.”
The skeletal imagery was inspired by the Mexican holiday, the Day of the Dead, and takes a playful poke at the vanity of human desires. “It’s an old trick,” Ginsberg told Steve Silberman in a 1996 interview for HotWired, “to dress up archetypal characters as skeletons: the bishop, the Pope, the President, the police chief. There’s a Mexican painter–Posada–who does exactly that.”
In October of 1995, Ginsberg visited Paul McCartney and his family at their home in England. He recited “The Ballad of the Skeletons while one of McCartney’s daughters filmed it. As Ginsberg recalled to Silberman, he mentioned that he had to give a reading with Anne Waldman and other poets at the Royal Albert Hall, and was looking for a guitarist to accompany him. “Why don’t you try me,” McCartney said. “I love the poem.” Ginsberg continued the story:
He showed up at 5 p.m. for the sound check, and he bought a box for his family. Got all his kids together, four of them, and his wife, and he sat through the whole evening of poetry, and we didn’t say who my accompanist was going to be. We introduced him at the end of the evening, and then the roar went up on the floor of the Albert Hall, and we knocked out the song. He said if I ever got around to recording it, let him know. So he volunteered, and we made a basic track, and sent it to him, on 24 tracks, and he added maracas and drums, which it needed. It gave it a skeleton, gave it a shape. And also organ, he was trying to get that effect of Al Kooper on the early Dylan. And guitar, so he put a lot of work in on that. And then we got it back just in time for Philip Glass to fill in his arpeggios on piano.
The recording was produced by Lenny Kaye, guitarist for the Patti Smith Group, who had put together a group of musicians for a performance of the song at a Tibet House benefit in April of 1996. One member of the audience that night was Danny Goldberg, president of Mercury Records and a fan of Ginsberg. He invited the poet to record the song, and it all came together quickly. In a 1997 article in Tikkun, Goldberg remembered Ginsberg’s giddiness over the project: “He loved that Paul McCartney had overdubbed drums on ‘Skeletons.’ He said, ‘It’s the closest I’m going to ever come to being in the Beatles,’ and giggled like a teenager.”
The recording features Ginsberg on vocals, Glass on keyboards, McCartney on guitar, drums, Hammond organ and maracas, Kaye on bass, Marc Ribot on guitar and David Mansfield on Guitar. Mercury released the song as a CD single in two versions, including one with the language sanitized for radio and television. The “B side” was a recording of Ginsberg’s “New Stanzas for Amazing Grace” that did not include McCartney or Glass. The next step was to create a video. As Goldberg recalled, Ginsberg knew an opportunity when he saw one:
When Tom Freston, the CEO of MTV, bought five of Allen’s photos, Ginsberg promptly called me, not too subtly implying that if Mercury would fund production of a video, we might be able to get on MTV. Allen had an unerring instinct of how to mobilize his mystique for those who were interested. He regaled Freston with stories of the beatniks one night at our house, which made it almost impossible for MTV to reject his video despite the fact that he was decades older than typical MTV artists and audience members. A political satire of both generations, “Skeletons” received highly pubicized and much-coveted “buzz bin” rotation on MTV in the weeks before the last election–to the consternation of other record companies who were submitting artists with more conventional credentials. This made Allen the only seventy-year-old besides Tony Bennett to ever be played on MTV.
The video was directed by Gus Van Sant, who had ties to surviving members of the Beat generation. Van Sant had directed William S. Burroughs in the film Drugstore Cowboy, and had made short films–Thanksgiving Prayer and The Discipline of DE– based on writing by Burroughs. Ginsberg was happy with Van Sant’s work, despite a tight filming budget. “It’s a great collage,” Ginsberg told Silberman. “He went back to old Pathé, Satan skeletons, and mixed them up with Rush Limbaugh, and Dole, and the local politicians, Newt Gingrich, and the President. And mixed those up with the atom bomb, when I talk about the electric chair– ‘Hey, what’s cookin?’–you got Satan setting off an atom bomb, and I’m trembling with a USA hat on, the Uncle Sam hat on. So it’s quite a production, it’s fun.”
via @WFMU
Read More...With the aid of YouTube, you can watch an episode of Robert Hughes’ documentary series The Shock of the New each week, just as it first aired on the BBC and PBS in 1980. But I defy you to watch “The Mechanical Paradise,” the first of its eight installments, and not plow through the rest in a day. Hughes, a prolific art critic who has written books on everything from Francisco Goya to America’s culture of complaint to the city of Barcelona to the history of his native Australia, has also hosted television programs about everything from Caravaggio to Utopian architecture to the Mona Lisa. The Shock of the New, a project which found expression as a book as well as these broadcasts, takes on the ambitious task of tracing the progress of modernism through visual art. But the roots of the movement run deeper into history, and so this first episode begins at the base of the Eiffel Tower, a monument to the accelerating scientific and technological progress of the late nineteenth century that would so disrupt the aesthetics of the twentieth.
As a reader of art criticism, I’ve long trusted Hughes’ writing on these subjects more than I do anyone else’s. Clear, bold, concrete, and always, in a bluntly stealthy way, more nuanced than it seems, Hughes’ textual persona stands against what, in his autobiography, he calls the “airy-fairy, metaphor-ridden kind of pseudo-poetry” that he sees as having flooded the field. As a guide through the history of artistic modernism, he proves as no-nonsense yet dryly entertaining on film as he is on the page. Whether turning our attention toward special details of Braque and Picasso’s canvasses or zipping around in a 1900s roadster, Hughes presents with the assurance of authority but not its intellectual overreach, pulling you along to Fernand Léger, the Futurists, and Marcel Duchamp. And as a viewer of television documentaries, I’ve long trusted the late seventies and early eighties as the form’s golden age. In this episode and beyond, The Shock of the New showcases what the productions of that era did best: a moody electronic score, archival clips creatively used, and extended sequences that give us time to really look. (Voiceover work by Judi Dench and Martin Jarvis doesn’t lose this chapter any points, either.)
The Shock of the New consists of the following episodes: “The Mechanical Paradise,” “The Powers That Be,” “The Landscape of Pleasure,” “Trouble in Utopia,” “The Threshold of Liberty,” “The View From the Edge,” “Culture as Nature,” “The Future That Was”
You can watch them on YouTube.
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Colin Marshall hosts and produces Notebook on Cities and Culture. Follow him on Twitter at @colinmarshall.
In October 1946, American scientists, working in White Sands, New Mexico, shot a V‑2 missile 65 miles into the air. The missile (originally designed by the Nazis during World War II) carried a 35-millimeter camera aloft that snapped an image every second and a half. When the missile returned to Earth, the camera itself was demolished by the impact. But the film, protected by a steel casing, remained unscathed, according to Air & Space Magazine. And when the scientists recovered the film, they witnessed something never seen by humans before — the first images of our planet taken from outer space. As one scientist put it, we got to see (above) “how our Earth would look to visitors from another planet coming in on a space ship.”
By the 1950s, the U.S. Air Force started working with a new line of missile, the Thor missile. And it made history in May, 1959. Launched from Cape Canaveral, the Thor Missile Number 187 carried a General Electric-manufactured “data capsule” and 16-millimeter camera in its nose cone. The flight lasted 15 minutes, covered 1500 miles, and ended in the Atlantic Ocean. According to the GE Film Catalog, when the data capsule was recovered:
General Electric scientists began the careful processing of the capsule’s contents. They were not long in finding the results they had hoped for—in the subdued light of a photographic dark room, on a still-dripping strip of developed motion picture film, the eyes of man beheld for the first time the image of the earth as it appears from beyond the atmosphere.
You can watch the historic video immediately above.
To get more recent views of the Earth from outer space, don’t miss these dazzling videos:
As cinematically savvy Open Culture readers know, most films of the silent era have fallen into the public domain, making them easy to watch on the internet. Several of the choicest have found their way into our collection of Free Movies Online. Anyone with an internet connection can thus give themselves an early-film education that would have been unthinkably convenient just twenty years ago, but the opportunities stretch out even further than that. Certain enterprising musicians have seized the opportunity to re-score these freely available silents, revitalizing the era’s clunkers and masterpieces alike with sonic styles that the composers of those days could never have even imagined. Above, you’ll find one of Weimar Germany’s finest expressionist films, The Golem: How He Came Into the World, brought to life like the clay statue of its title by a driving, jangling, rock-operatic score courtesy of one Black Francis.
If you’re unfamiliar, Black Francis, also know as Frank Black, fronts the rock band the Pixies. If you’re unfamiliar with them, you probably don’t tend to admit it in mixed company, since the combination of their startlingly widespread influence (Kurt Cobain called “Smells Like Teen Spirit” an attempt to “rip off the Pixies”) and enduring avoidance of the mainstream has earned them enormous rock-enthusiast credibility. Film geeks, for their part, probably won’t give you a hard time about not having seen Paul Wegener’s the Golem trilogy, since two of the three have been lost. Though it came out in 1920 as the third Golem film, How He Came Into the World, a prequel to both its predecessors, tells the origin story of its title creature of Jewish legend. Created to protect the Chosen People of 16th-century Prague, the mute inhuman colossus soon turns against his makers. Watch what happens, in a cultural three-for-one to begin your week, with cinematographer Karl Freund’s manipulation of shadow and light (which he later showed off in Metropolis and Dracula), Black Francis’ casually complex rock magpie-ism, and the distinctive storytelling sensibility that produced the golem fable in the first place. (It’s available on DVD here.)
The Golem, featuring a soundtrack by Black Francis, has been added to our collection, 4,000+ Free Movies Online: Great Classics, Indies, Noir, Westerns, Documentaries & More.
If you would like to support the mission of Open Culture, consider making a donation to our site. It’s hard to rely 100% on ads, and your contributions will help us continue providing the best free cultural and educational materials to learners everywhere. You can contribute through PayPal, Patreon, and Venmo (@openculture). Thanks!
Related content:
Fritz Lang’s Metropolis: Uncut & Restored
Lost Films: Identify Missing Cinema Through Crowdsourcing
The Power of Silent Movies, with The Artist Director Michel Hazanavicius
Colin Marshall hosts and produces Notebook on Cities and Culture. Follow him on Twitter at @colinmarshall.
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As a photographic document, this footage is only slightly less astonishing than the famed 1967 Patterson-Gimlin film of a “Bigfoot” traipsing across a forest clearing in Northern California.
In this case the elusive creature is none other than J.D. Salinger. The footage appears to have been shot quite a few years before the writer’s death, at 91, in January of 2010. The caption on YouTube simply says, “J.D. Salinger out for a stroll in Cornish, New Hampshire.” Salinger had lived a quiet life in Cornish since 1953, two years after the publication of The Catcher in the Rye. But as one commentator on YouTube wryly points out, the footage was probably shot in another town just across the Connecticut River from Cornish:
If you really want me to tell you about it, this is likely Windsor, VT, judging by all the phony people and the parking meters and all. JD went there daily for his mail and a bite to eat at the diner. He was a madman that way. I know it’s corny and all, but that’s goddam Windsor, across the river from Cornish.
It’s true, Cornish has very few people and no parking meters. By all accounts Salinger lived a fairly normal life there. If you travel up that way you’re likely to meet people who remember seeing him out and about before his health declined. After he died, a trickle of anecdotes started to emerge. Their mundaneness somehow makes them all the more fascinating. For example, Yankee magazine published a story, “J.D. Salinger’s Last Supper,” about the writer’s fondness–right up to the very end–for the Saturday-night roast beef dinners at the Congregational Church in Hartland, Vermont. “Typically, he’d arrive an hour and a half ahead of the first seating–often to be first in line,” reports Jim Collins. “He’d sit quietly, writing in a spiral-bound notebook. Most people around him were unaware of who he was; the volunteers working the supper treated him like any other guest and protected his privacy.” Spiral-bound notebook, eh? Hmm.
Another anecdote is from writer Nicholas Carr, who tells a story on his blog about a surprise encounter he had with Salinger when he was an undergraduate student at Dartmouth College, which is located in Hanover, just up the valley from Cornish. Carr was working behind the circulation desk at the college library one summer when “a tall, slender, slightly stooped man” walked in. He remembers his boss whispering, “That’s J.D. Salinger”:
Holy crap, I thought. I just saw J.D. Salinger.
About ten minutes later Salinger suddenly reappeared at the desk, holding a dollar bill. I went over to him, and he said he needed change for the Xerox machine. I took his dollar and gave him four quarters.
That’s my claim to fame: I gave J.D. Salinger change for a buck.
Photocopies, eh? What was that old guy up to?
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In times past, we’ve seen Arthur C. Clarke, the great sci-fi writer, gaze into the future and foresee our reality in a most uncanny way. Just watch him predict our digitally-connected world in 1964, and then PC computers, e‑banking and telecommuting in 1974.
Now it’s time to see whether Isaac Asimov, another sci-fi legend, possessed the same powers of prescience. Above, we’re highlighting the second part of an interview taped in 1989. It features Asimov and a younger Bill Moyers talking about education and scientific progress, and it doesn’t take long for Asimov to start describing the revolution in learning we’re seeing unfold today. Imagine a world where computers, internet connections and websites let people learn when they want, wherever they want, and how they want. Suddenly technology democratizes education and empowers people of all ages, and, before too long, “Everyone can have a teacher in the form of access to the gathered knowledge of the human species.” That’s the world we’re coming into, especially during recent months, thanks to Google, opencourseware, new-fangled MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), the Khan Academy, and even sites like our own. (Have you seen our lists of 450 Free Courses? 300 Free eBooks? 150 Free Textbooks? 400 Free Audio Books, etc?). Yes, 23 years ago, Asimov pretty much knew exactly where we would be today, and then some.
Related Content:
Free: Isaac Asimov’s Epic Foundation Trilogy Dramatized in Classic Audio
Free Science Fiction Classics on the Web: Huxley, Orwell, Asimov, Gaiman & Beyond
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Paul McCartney gave his new album, Kisses on the Bottom, a little plug last night when he premiered in L.A. a “self-directed video” for his new song, ‘My Valentine’. Shot on a 35mm camera by Oscar-winning cinematographer Wally Pfister (Memento, Inception, etc.), the black & white video features Natalie Portman and Johnny Depp “each translating the lyrics of the song into sign language…” and Johnny playing some solos on the guitar. Sir Paul shot the two stars separately (watch below) before bringing them together into his final clip. McCartney’s web site has more details on the film.
Natalie Portman
Johnny Depp
If you ask Stephen King, he’ll tell you that H.P. Lovecraft was “the twentieth century’s greatest practitioner of the classic horror tale.” And Joyce Carol Oates will readily admit that Lovecraft had “an incalculable influence on succeeding generations of writers of horror fiction.” In these modern times, you can revisit Lovecraft’s classic horror tales by downloading his works in text or audio. (See below.) Or, you can revisit his cosmic horror tales by picking up The Lovecraft Anthology, a new graphic novel series that brings Lovecraft’s writings to “vivid and malevolent life.” The video above gives you a preview of what the series has to offer. It features an animation of “The Call of Cthulhu,” Lovecraft’s famous pulp story from 1926.
Texts (from our collection of Free eBooks)
Audio (from our collection of Free Audio Books)
The Collected Public Domain Works of H. P. Lovecraft – Free Stream
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